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Author Topic: Horse Speed Gene Identified  (Read 769 times)
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Original Post 2010-Feb-25, 02:55 PM

Horse Speed Gene Identified; Commercial Testing Available

Irish researchers have found that horses with a specific mutation in the gene called myostatin (MSTN) have improved athletic performance.

"A variety of mammalian species with specific MSTN variants have characteristics of increased muscle mass," explained lead researcher Emmeline Hill, PhD, from the Animal Genomics Laboratory at University College Dublin, Ireland.

She said whippet racing dogs provide an example: Dogs that are heterozygous (have one copy) for a specific variant of the MSTN gene have significantly greater racing ability than dogs that are either homozygous (have two copies) for the mutation or dogs with no copies of the mutation.

Since this sequence in Thoroughbred racehorses had not yet been examined, Hill and colleagues analyzed DNA for variations in 148 Thoroughbred horses.

The researchers found that a single difference in the genetic code that changed a "cytosine" (C-allele) to a "thymine" (T-allele) base in the MSTN gene (which is over 6,000 base pairs in length) is strongly associated with best race distance in elite racehorses.

After validating the results in an addition 87 horses, the researchers suggested, "horses with the C-allele in both copies of the MSTN gene are suited to fast, short, races; horses with one copy of the C-allele and one copy of the T-allele compete favorably as middle-distance runners, and horses with two copies of the T-allele have greater stamina."

Hill and Irish Thoroughbred trainer Jim Bolger co-founded the company Equinome to provide a means for breeders, stallion managers, and bloodstock agents alike to test horses' MSTN gene sequences.

Test results will tell racehorse owners and trainers if a horse is ideally suited to racing over short, middle, or middle-to-long distances, the manufacturers say. Using this information, they could potentially optimize their purchasing and training decisions and enter their horses in the most suitable races. The test is also anticipated to help make more precise breeding decisions to maximize the genetic potential and value of their horses.

"While this information might be guessed by evaluating pedigrees and physical observations of individuals, using these traditional methods one cannot be certain of the actual genetic make-up of an individual," said Hill. "It is particularly important to realize that full-siblings with exactly the same pedigree page may be very different genetically. This test will provide that information, which cannot be determined with accuracy by any other means. Therefore the use of the test will provide an advantage in basing decision making in selection, racing, and breeding on accurate, scientifically ascertained information."

Ernie Bailey, PhD, geneticist and professor of veterinary science at the University of Kentucky's Gluck Equine Research Center, who is not associated with the company or test, noted, "This is the first application of genomics to performance in horses and is noteworthy. Up to now, molecular genetics has been used for parentage, coat color, and diseases in horses. This breaks new ground and goes directly to the interests of the horsemen.

"Racing performance is complex and undoubtedly there will be additional genes found that augment environment, management and opportunity," Bailey added.

Hill's data supporting the Equinome Speed Gene test was peer-reviewed and published in a scientific paper, "A sequence polymorphism in MSTN predicts sprinting ability and racing stamina in Thoroughbred horses," in the open access Public Library of Science journal, PLoS ONE.--Erin Ryder and Stacey Oke, DVM, MSc

http://feeds.thehorse.com/~r/TheHorse/News/~3/8nwKYf_JbLI/ViewArticle.aspx

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2010-Dec-16, 08:37 AM

Equinome Launches Australian Genetic Service

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Wednesday, 15 December 2010

: Irish company Equinome has officially launched its genetic-testing service to the Australian bloodstock industry.

The launch, organised by Enterprise Ireland, was attended by a cross section of leading racing and breeding industry figures including trainers Gai Waterhouse and Ron Quinton.

Also attending the launch at the Sydney residence of the Irish Consul General Caitríona Ingoldsby were Peter McGauren, CEO of Australian Thoroughbred Breeders, Andrew Harding, CEO of the Australian Racing Board, Dr Christine Smith, President Elect of Equine Veterinarians Australia, Michael Ford, Keeper of the Australian Stud Book and Professor Patrick Cunningham, Chief Scientific Adviser to the Irish Government.

Dr Emmeline Hill, a co-founder and chairman of Equinome, delivered a presentation outlining the research, development and commercialisation of the breakthrough Equinome Speed Gene Test.

Unveiled earlier this year, the test can predict the optimum racing distance for an individual thoroughbred by analysing the DNA sequence of a gene related to muscle mass development.

Breeders in Australia can now avail of the Equinome Speed Gene Test and incorporate the information provided by it into their key decision-making processes.

This can be used to definitively ensure that a broodmare band will produce more of the desired type of foal, to assist with stallion choice and to ensure that breeding objectives are met more consistently.

Racehorse owners and trainers can also use the information to optimise purchasing and training decisions while stallion masters can utilise the results to ensure that a higher proportion of a young stallion's early crops are of the preferred potential genetic type.

Equinome, a University College Dublin spin-out company, was established in 2009 by Dr Emmeline Hill in partnership with Jim Bolger, the renowned Irish trainer and breeder.

Headquartered in NovaUCD, the University's Innovation and Technology Transfer Centre, the company also has laboratory facilities in UCD's School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine and at Jim Bolger's training yard in Co. Kilkenny in Ireland.

Dr Hill a leading horse genomics researcher at University College Dublin, said, “We are delighted by the high level of interest that we have already received in Australia to the introduction of Equinome's new genomic technology.

“The Australian bloodstock industry has always been recognised as one of the world leaders in the production and training of top-class thoroughbred racehorses and we are very excited about working with breeders, owners and trainers here to assist in maintaining this proud tradition.”

Since the launch of company earlier this year Equinome has secured clients in the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, UK, France and Singapore.

Equinome has an ongoing research programme using the latest genomics technologies to identify and characterise the molecular genetic variants underlying key performance and health traits in the thoroughbred.

Equinome also has access to large numbers of elite horses at various stages of training and competition that provide subjects for its scientific research programme.

Australian clients who wish to avail of the Equinome Speed Gene test must provide a 4-5ml uncoagulated blood sample for each horse.

They must then download a copy of the Sample Submission Form and VET15 Import Licence from Equinome's website and contact Equinome to arrange for courier collection and shipping of samples to Equinome's laboratories.

Results will be returned to clients within seven days of receipt of the blood samples.

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2010-Dec-16, 08:57 AM

MagiC, can you get Reizarb checked out please ?
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MagiC~*
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2010-Dec-16, 09:02 AM

MagiC, can you get Reizarb checked out please ?


lol

We stepped him up to 1200 and he failed  tongue
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vadim
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2010-Dec-16, 09:21 AM

Interesting concept nevertheless.

If successful it will put more meaning into the taking of a blood sample.

In a few years we will all have to go to the sales with Norton & DD lol
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MagiC~*
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2010-Dec-16, 09:22 AM

Shame they haven't found a ticker gene 
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specialweek
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2010-Dec-16, 12:50 PM

Jenny Taylor in Australia has been doing speed and stamina assessment through a formula she developed using blood analysis and inspections on very young horses. Eric Musgrove, among others have used her techniques but it has never taken off with most trainers and breeders. Perhaps others may have more knowledge of Jenny and her technique.
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